Comparative Physiology, Natural Animal Models and Clinical Medicine,9781860947827

Comparative Physiology, Natural Animal Models and Clinical Medicine

by
Edition: 1st
ISBN13: 9781860947827
ISBN10: 1860947824
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2007-07-01
Publisher(s): Imperial College Pr
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Summary

Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada. Describes an approach to treatment of human diseases based on the study of natural animal models. Topics include diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, atherosclerotic vascular disease, ammonia toxicity, and hypoxia. For researchers.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgementsp. xi
Introductionp. xiii
Diabetes Mellitusp. 1
Introductionp. 1
Blood Glucose Values in Birdsp. 2
Do Birds Suffer Adverse Consequences from a High Blood Glucose Concentrationp. 5
Anatomic and Physiologic Design Featuresp. 6
Concluding Remarks and Future Researchp. 26
Referencesp. 31
Chronic Renal Failurep. 40
Introductionp. 40
Metabolic Rate and Renal Functionp. 42
Nitrogen and Urea Metabolism and Protein Turnoverp. 44
Additional Aspects of Renal Failurep. 56
Natural Animal Modelp. 57
Bear and Small Mammal Hibernatorsp. 64
Concluding Remarks and Future Directionsp. 66
Referencesp. 70
Atherosclerotic Vascular Diseasep. 78
Introductionp. 78
Atherosclerosis in Mammalsp. 79
Biology of the Arterial System: Implications for the Genesis of Atherosclerosis in Mammalsp. 83
Genesis of Atherosclerotic Lesionsp. 88
Natural Animal Model: The Fishp. 89
Fish Coronary Circulationp. 90
Fish Coronary Artery Thickeningsp. 91
Genesis of Fish Lesionsp. 94
Biomechanical Factors in Fishp. 94
Dietary Influences and Role of Cholesterol in Fishp. 96
Biology of the Vascular Smooth Muscle in Fishp. 99
Concluding Remarks: What Can We Learn From the Fish as a Natural Model?p. 99
Referencesp. 102
Disuse Osteoporosis and Disuse Muscle Atrophyp. 107
Disuse Osteoporosisp. 108
Disuse Muscle Atrophyp. 126
Referencesp. 143
Ammonia Toxicityp. 149
Ammonia Tolerance and Metabolismp. 149
Brain Ammonia Metabolismp. 157
Glutamatergic Neuronsp. 159
Glutamate, a Neurotransmitter and the "Glutamate-Glutamine" Cyclep. 160
Mechanism of Ammonia Neurotoxicityp. 164
Effects on Brain Energy Metabolismp. 169
Effects on Glutamatergic Synapsesp. 171
Ammonia and the Fish Central Nervous Systemp. 175
Summaryp. 181
Referencesp. 183
Hypoxia/Ischemiap. 190
Cerebral Blood Flow: Its Regulationp. 191
Brain Energy Metabolismp. 195
Oxygen and Oxygen/Glucose Deprivation and the Brainp. 199
Natural Animal Modelsp. 230
Concluding Remarks and Future Directionsp. 245
Referencesp. 254
Epiloguep. 261
Referencesp. 266
Indexp. 267
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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