| Contributing Authors |
|
xi | (10) |
| Preface |
|
xxi | (2) |
| Acknowledgments |
|
xxiii | |
| I. CLASSIFICATION AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY |
|
1 | (78) |
|
1. Classification of Dystonia |
|
|
1 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. Physiology of Dystonia |
|
|
11 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. Pathophysiology of Dystonia |
|
|
19 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. Thalamic Single Neuron and Electromyographic Activities in Patients with Dystonia |
|
|
27 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. Excitability of Motor Cortex in Patients with Dystonia |
|
|
33 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. Opioid Peptide Precursor Expression in Animal Models of Dystonia Secondary to Dopamine-Replacement Therapy in Parkinson's Disease |
|
|
41 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7. Characterization of a Rodent Model in Which to Investigate the Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying the Pathophysiology of L-dopa-Induced Dyskinesia |
|
|
53 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8. Abnormal Cerebellar Output in the Genetically Dystonic Rat |
|
|
63 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| II. GENETICS OF PRIMARY TORSION DYSTONIA |
|
79 | (48) |
|
9. Clinical-Genetic Spectrum of Primary Dystonia |
|
|
79 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. The Gene (DYT1) for Early-Onset Torsion Dystonia Encodes a Novel Protein Related to the Clp Protease/Heat Shock Family |
|
|
93 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11. The Role of the DYTI Gene in Secondary Dystonia |
|
|
107 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. Familial Cervical Dystonia, Head Tremor, and Scoliosis: A Case Report |
|
|
117 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13. The Epidemiology of the Primary Dystonias in the North of England |
|
|
121 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| III. PET SCANS OF DYSTONIA |
|
127 | (42) |
|
14. Abnormal Brain Networks in DYTI Dystonia |
|
|
127 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
15. Activation Positron Emission Tomography Scanning in Dystonia |
|
|
135 | (18) |
|
Andres O. Ceballos-Baumann |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16. Advanced Neuroimaging Methods in the Study of Movement Disorders: Dystonia and Blepharospasm |
|
|
153 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17. Decreased [(18)F] Spiperone Binding in Putamen in Dystonia |
|
|
161 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| IV. THERAPEUTICS |
|
169 | (84) |
|
18. Medical Therapy and Botulinum Toxin in Dystonia |
|
|
169 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
19. Surgical Treatment of Dystonia |
|
|
185 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
20. Intrathecal Baclofen in the Treatment of Dystonia |
|
|
199 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21. GPi Pallidotomy for Dystonia: Clinical Outcome and Neuronal Activity |
|
|
211 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22. Experience with Stereotactics for Dystonia: Case Examples |
|
|
221 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23. Botulinum Toxin Type B: An Open-Label, Dose-Escalation, Safety and Preliminary Efficacy Study in Cervical Dystonia Patients |
|
|
227 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24. Dose Standardization of Botulinum Toxin |
|
|
231 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25. Laryngeal Dystonia (Spasmodic Dysphonia): Observations of 901 Patients and Treatment with Botulinum Toxin |
|
|
237 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| V. DOPA-RESPONSIVE DYSTONIA |
|
253 | (72) |
|
26. Dystonias Responding to Levodopa and Failure in Biopterin Metabolism |
|
|
253 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27. Molecular and Biochemical Aspects of Hereditary Progressive and Dopa-Responsive Dystonia |
|
|
267 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28. Atypical Presentations of Dopa-Responsive Dystonia |
|
|
283 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29. Tetrahydrobiopterin Metabolism and GTP Cyclohydrolase I Mutations in L-Dopa-Responsive Dystonia |
|
|
291 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Panagiotis Z. Anastasiadis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30. Defects of Biopterin Metabolism and Biogenic Amine Biosynthesis: Clinical, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Aspects |
|
|
301 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31. Dopa-Responsive Dystonia: A Syndrome of Selective Nigrostriatal Dopamine Deficiency |
|
|
309 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32. The Effect of GTP Cyclohydrolase-1 on Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression: Implications in DOPA-responsive Dystonia |
|
|
319 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| VI. OTHER DYSTONIA SYNDROMES |
|
325 | (24) |
|
33. Inherited Myoclonus-Dystonia Syndrome |
|
|
325 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
34. Rapid-Onset Dystonia-Parkinsonism: A Report of Clinical, Biochemical, and Genetic Studies in Two Families |
|
|
335 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
35. Molecular Genetic Analysis of Lubag |
|
|
341 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| VII. PATIENT PERSPECTIVES |
|
349 | (10) |
|
36. The Socioeconomic Implications of Dystonia |
|
|
349 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| VIII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
|
359 | (6) |
|
37. Summary and Conclusions |
|
|
359 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Subject Index |
|
365 | |
Other versions by this Author
