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Unit I THE BODY AS A WHOLE |
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1 | (82) |
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Organization of the Human Body |
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3 | (16) |
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Studies of the Human Body |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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Metabolism and Its Regulation |
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5 | (3) |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (3) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (3) |
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11 | (2) |
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11 | (1) |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (6) |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (6) |
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Chemistry, Matter, and Life |
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19 | (16) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (2) |
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22 | (1) |
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Mixtures: Solutions and Suspensions |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (2) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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Compounds: Acids, Bases, and Salts |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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Isotopes and Radioactivity |
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26 | (1) |
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Use of Radioactive Isotopes |
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26 | (1) |
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Chemistry of Living Matter |
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27 | (8) |
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27 | (8) |
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Cells and Their Functions |
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35 | (22) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (4) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (4) |
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Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA |
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41 | (4) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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Movement of Substances Across the Plasma Membrane |
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46 | (5) |
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Movement That Does Not Require Cellular Energy |
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47 | (1) |
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Movement That Requires Cellular Energy |
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48 | (1) |
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How Osmosis Affects Cells |
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49 | (2) |
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51 | (6) |
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Tissues, Glands, and Membranes |
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57 | (16) |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (2) |
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Structure of Epithelial Tissue |
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58 | (1) |
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Special Functions of Epithelial Tissue |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (2) |
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60 | (1) |
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Fibrous Connective Tissue |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (2) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (6) |
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65 | (2) |
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Connective Tissue Membranes |
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67 | (4) |
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71 | (2) |
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73 | (10) |
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74 | (2) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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Accessory Structures of the Skin |
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76 | (2) |
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76 | (1) |
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Sudoriferous (Sweat) Glands |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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Protection Against Infection |
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78 | (1) |
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Protection Against Dehydration |
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78 | (1) |
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Regulation of Body Temperature |
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78 | (1) |
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Collection of Sensory Information |
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78 | (1) |
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Other Activities of the Skin |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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Effects of Aging on the Integumentary System |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (3) |
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Unit II MOVEMENT AND SUPPORT |
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83 | (52) |
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The Skeleton: Bones and Joints |
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85 | (26) |
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86 | (3) |
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86 | (2) |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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Bones of the Axial Skeleton |
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89 | (7) |
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90 | (2) |
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92 | (4) |
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Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton |
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96 | (6) |
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The Upper Division of the Appendicular Skeleton |
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96 | (3) |
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The Lower Division of the Appendicular Skeleton |
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99 | (3) |
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Skeletal Changes in the Aging |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (9) |
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More About Synovial Joints |
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103 | (8) |
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111 | (24) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (6) |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (3) |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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Types of Muscle Contractions |
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119 | (1) |
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The Mechanics of Muscle Movement |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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Levers and Body Mechanics |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (10) |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (1) |
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Muscles of the Upper Extremities |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (2) |
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Muscles of the Lower Extremities |
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127 | (3) |
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Effects of Aging on Muscles |
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130 | (5) |
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Unit III COORDINATION AND CONTROL |
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135 | (76) |
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The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves |
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137 | (22) |
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Role of the Nervous System |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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Neurons and Their Functions |
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139 | (2) |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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The Nervous System at Work |
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142 | (2) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (4) |
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Structure of the Spinal Cord |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (2) |
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148 | (11) |
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Branches of the Spinal Nerves |
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148 | (2) |
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The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) |
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150 | (1) |
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Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System |
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150 | (2) |
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Functions of the Autonomic Nervous System |
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152 | (7) |
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The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves |
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159 | (18) |
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160 | (1) |
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Protective Structures of the Brain and Spinal Cord |
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160 | (3) |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (5) |
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Functions of the Cerebral Cortex |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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Memory and the Learning Process |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (2) |
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The Electroencephalograph |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (2) |
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Names and Functions of the Cranial Nerves |
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171 | (2) |
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Aging of the Nervous System |
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173 | (4) |
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177 | (20) |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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Special and General Senses |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (6) |
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179 | (1) |
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Pathway of Light Rays and Refraction |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (2) |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (4) |
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184 | (1) |
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The Middle Ear and Ossicles |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (3) |
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Other Special Sense Organs |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (2) |
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189 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (6) |
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The Endocrine System: Glands and Hormones |
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197 | (14) |
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198 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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The Endocrine Glands and Their Hormones |
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199 | (6) |
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199 | (3) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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The Pancreas and Its Hormones |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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Other Hormone-Producing Tissues |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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Aging and the Endocrine System |
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207 | (4) |
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Unit IV CIRCULATION AND BODY DEFENSE |
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211 | (76) |
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213 | (18) |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (4) |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (2) |
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220 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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Uses of Blood and Blood Components |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (8) |
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223 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (6) |
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231 | (18) |
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Circulation and the Heart |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (6) |
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233 | (1) |
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Special Features of the Myocardium |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (3) |
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Blood Supply to the Myocardium |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (4) |
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238 | (1) |
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The Heart Conduction System |
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239 | (2) |
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Control of the Heart Rate |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (6) |
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Blood Vessels and Blood Circulation |
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249 | (20) |
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250 | (2) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (4) |
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252 | (2) |
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The Iliac Arteries and Their Subdivisions |
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254 | (1) |
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Arteries That Branch to the Arm and Head |
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255 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (3) |
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The Venae Cavae and Their Tributaries |
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256 | (2) |
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258 | (1) |
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The Hepatic Portal System |
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258 | (1) |
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The Physiology of Circulation |
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259 | (10) |
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259 | (1) |
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The Dynamics of Blood Flow |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (7) |
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The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses |
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269 | (18) |
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270 | (1) |
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Functions of the Lymphatic System |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (3) |
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271 | (1) |
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271 | (2) |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (3) |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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The Reticuloendothelial System |
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276 | (1) |
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Body Defenses Against Disease |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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Chemical and Mechanical Barriers |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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Specific Defenses---Immunity |
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277 | (10) |
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278 | (1) |
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278 | (2) |
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The Antigen-Antibody Reaction |
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280 | (1) |
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Naturally Acquired Immunity |
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281 | (1) |
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Artificially Acquired Immunity |
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281 | (6) |
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Unit V ENERGY: SUPPLY AND USE |
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287 | (68) |
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289 | (16) |
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290 | (1) |
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290 | (5) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (2) |
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The Process of Respiration |
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295 | (5) |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (2) |
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298 | (1) |
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Transport of Carbon Dioxide |
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298 | (1) |
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Regulation of Respiration |
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299 | (1) |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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Age and the Respiratory Tract |
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300 | (5) |
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305 | (18) |
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Function and Design of the Digestive System |
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306 | (2) |
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The Wall of the Digestive Tract |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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Organs of the Digestive Tract |
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308 | (5) |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (1) |
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311 | (2) |
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313 | (1) |
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313 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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Enzymes and the Digestive Process |
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314 | (2) |
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315 | (1) |
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315 | (1) |
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316 | (1) |
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316 | (1) |
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Absorption of Vitamins and Minerals |
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316 | (1) |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (1) |
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Aging and the Digestive System |
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317 | (6) |
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Metabolism, Nutrition, and Body Temperature |
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323 | (14) |
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324 | (3) |
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324 | (1) |
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The Use of Nutrients for Energy |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (1) |
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326 | (1) |
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327 | (3) |
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327 | (2) |
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329 | (1) |
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329 | (1) |
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Vitamin and Mineral Supplements |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (6) |
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331 | (1) |
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331 | (1) |
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332 | (5) |
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The Urinary System and Body Fluids |
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337 | (18) |
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338 | (1) |
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Organs of the Urinary System |
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338 | (1) |
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339 | (5) |
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Blood Supply to the Kidney |
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339 | (1) |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (1) |
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341 | (3) |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (1) |
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346 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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The Importance of Water in Body Fluids |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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348 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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Electrolytes and Their Functions |
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349 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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350 | (5) |
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350 | (5) |
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Unit VI PERPETUATION OF LIFE |
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355 | |
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The Male and Female Reproductive Systems |
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357 | (18) |
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358 | (1) |
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359 | (1) |
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The Male Reproductive System |
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359 | (2) |
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359 | (1) |
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360 | (1) |
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360 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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Hormonal Control of Male Reproduction |
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361 | (1) |
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The Effects of Aging on Male Reproduction |
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362 | (1) |
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The Female Reproductive System |
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362 | (4) |
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362 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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363 | (3) |
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366 | (1) |
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366 | (1) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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Hormone Replacement Therapy |
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367 | (1) |
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367 | (8) |
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375 | |
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376 | (6) |
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Fertilization and the Start of Pregnancy |
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376 | (1) |
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376 | (4) |
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Development of the Embryo |
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380 | (1) |
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380 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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The Mammary Glands and Lactation |
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383 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (3) |
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Dominant and Recessive Genes |
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385 | (1) |
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Distribution of Chromosomes to Offspring |
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385 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | |
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387 | (1) |
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387 | |
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1 | (13) |
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14 | |
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1 | (1) |
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Appendix 1 Metric Measurements |
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1 | (1) |
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Appendix 2 Celsius-Fahrenheit Temperature Conversion Scale |
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2 | (1) |
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Appendix 3 Periodic Table of the Elements |
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3 | (1) |
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Appendix 4 Answers to Chapter Checkpoint and ``Zooming In'' Questions |
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4 | |
Index |
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1 | |