| Preface |
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| Introduction: The Study of World History |
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| PART 1 The Ancient World |
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1 | (116) |
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Did Homo Sapiens Originate in Africa? |
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2 | (18) |
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Yes: Christopher Stringer and Robin McKie, from African Exodus: The Origins of Modern Humanity (Henry Holt & Company, 1996) |
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4 | (8) |
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No: Milford Wolpoff and Rachel Caspari, from Race and Human Evolution (Simon & Schuster, 1997) |
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12 | (8) |
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Were the Aryans Responsible for the Demise of the Indus Valley Civilization? |
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20 | (20) |
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Yes: Stanley Wolpert, from A New History of India, 6th ed. (Oxford University Press, 2000) |
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22 | (10) |
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No: Jonathan Mark Kenoyer, from Ancient Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization (Oxford University Press, 1998) |
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32 | (8) |
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Was Egyptian Civilization African? |
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40 | (20) |
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Yes: Clinton Crawford, from Recasting Ancient Egypt in the African Context: Toward a Model Curriculum Using Art and Language (Africa World Press, 1996) |
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42 | (9) |
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No: Kathryn A. Bard, from ``Ancient Egyptians and the Issue of Race,'' in Mary R. Lefkowitz and Guy MacLean Rogers, eds., Black Athena Revisited (University of North Carolina Press, 1996) |
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51 | (9) |
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Was Sumerian Civilization Exclusively Male Dominated? |
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60 | (18) |
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Yes: Chester G. Starr, from A History of the Ancient World (Oxford University Press, 1965) |
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62 | (7) |
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No: Samuel Noah Kramer, from ``Poet and Psalmists: Goddesses and Theologians: Literary, Religious, and Anthropological Aspects of the Legacy of Sumer,'' in Denise Schmandt-Besserat, ed., The Legacy of Sumer: Invited Lectures on the Middle East at the University of Texas at Austin (Undena Publications, 1976) |
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69 | (9) |
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Does Alexander the Great Merit His Exalted Historical Reputation? |
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78 | (18) |
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Yes: N. G. L. Hammond, from The Genius Alexander the Great (University of North Carolina Press, 1997) |
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80 | (6) |
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No: Ian Worthington, from ``How `Great' Was Alexander?'' The Ancient History Bulletin (April June 1999) |
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86 | (10) |
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Did Christianity Liberate Women? |
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96 | (21) |
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Yes: Karen L. King, from ``Women in Ancient Christianity: The New Discoveries,'' a Report From FRONTLINE (April 6, 1998) |
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98 | (8) |
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No: Karen Armstrong, from The Gospel According to Woman: Christianity's Creation of the Sex War in the West (Anchor Press, 1987) |
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106 | (11) |
| PART 2 The Medieval/Renaissance Worlds |
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117 | (108) |
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Did Same-Sex Unions Exist in Medieval Europe? |
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118 | (18) |
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Yes: John Boswell, from Same-Sex Unions in Premodern Europe (Villard Books, 1994) |
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120 | (7) |
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No: Philip Lyndon Reynolds, from ``Same-Sex Unions: What Boswell Didn't Find,'' The Christian Century (January 18, 1995) |
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127 | (9) |
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Were Environmental Factors Responsible for the Collapse of Maya Civilization? |
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136 | (18) |
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Yes: Richard E. W. Adams, from Prehistoric Mesoamerica, rev. ed. (University of Oklahoma Press, 1991) |
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138 | (7) |
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No: George L. Cowgill, from ``Teotihuacan, Internal Militaristic Competition, and the Fall of the Classic Maya,'' in Norman Hammond and Gordon R. Willey, eds., Maya Archaeology and Ethnohistory (University of Texas Press, 1979) |
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145 | (9) |
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Were the Crusades Primarily Motivated by Religious Factors? |
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154 | (20) |
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Yes: Hans Eberhard Mayer, from The Crusades, 2d ed., trans. John Gillingham (Oxford University Press, 1988) |
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156 | (8) |
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No: Ronald C. Finucane, from Soldiers of the Faith: Crusaders and Moslems at War (St. Martin's Press, 1983) |
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164 | (10) |
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Does the Modern University Have Its Roots in the Islamic World? |
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174 | (18) |
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Yes: Mehdi Nakosteen, from History of Islamic Origins of Western Education A.D. 800-1350 (University of Colorado Press, 1964) |
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176 | (8) |
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No: Charles Homer Haskins, from The Rise of Universities (Great Seal Books, 1957) |
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184 | (8) |
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Did Women and Men Benefit Equally From the Renaissance? |
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192 | (16) |
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Yes: Margaret L. King, from Women of the Renaissance (University of Chicago Press, 1991) |
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194 | (7) |
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No: Joan Kelly-Gadol, from ``Did Women Have a Renaissance?'' in Renate Bridenthal, Claudia Koonz, and Susan Stuard, eds., Becoming Visible: Women in European History, 2d ed. (Houghton Mifflin, 1987) |
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201 | (7) |
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Was Zen Buddhism the Primary Shaper of the Warrior Code of the Japanese Samurai? |
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208 | (17) |
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Yes: Winston L. King, from Zen and the Way of the Sword: Arming the Samurai Psyche (Oxford University Press, 1993) |
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210 | (7) |
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No: Catharina Blomberg, from The Heart of the Warrior Origins and Religious Background of the Samurai System in Feudal Japan (Japan Library, 1994) |
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217 | (8) |
| PART 3 The Premodern World |
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225 | (117) |
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Were Christopher Columbus's New World Discoveries a Positive Force in the Development of World History? |
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226 | (22) |
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Yes: Felipe Fernandez-Armesto, from Columbus (Oxford University Press, 1991) |
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228 | (9) |
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No: Kirkpatrick Sale, from The Conquest of Paradise: Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Legacy (Plume; 1991) |
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237 | (11) |
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Was China's Worldview Responsible for Its Failure to Continue Its Commercial and Maritime Efforts During the Ming Dynasty? |
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248 | (18) |
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Yes: Nicholas D. Kristof, from ``1492: The Prequel,'' The New York Times Magazine (June 6, 1999) |
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250 | (5) |
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No: Bruce Swanson, from Eighth Voyage of the Dragon: A History of China's Quest for Seapower (Naval Institute Press, 1982) |
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255 | (11) |
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Did Martin Luther's Reforms Improve the Lives of European Christians? |
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266 | (18) |
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Yes: Robert Kolb, from Martin Luther as Prophet, Teacher, Hero: Images of the Reformer, 1520-1620 (Baker Books, 1999) |
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268 | (7) |
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No: Hans Kung, from Great Christian Thinkers, trans. John Bowden (Continuum, 1996) |
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275 | (9) |
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Were European Witch-Hunts Misogynistic? |
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284 | (22) |
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Yes: Anne Llewellyn Barstow, from ``On Studying Witchcraft as Women's History: A Historiography of the European Witch Persecutions,'' journal of Feminist Studies in Religion (Fall 1988) |
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286 | (9) |
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No: Robin Briggs, from Witches and Neighbors: The Social and Cultural Context of European Witchcraft (Penguin Books, 1998) |
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295 | (11) |
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Was the Scientific Revolution Revolutionary? |
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306 | (16) |
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Yes: Herbert Butterfield, from The Origins of Modern Science, 1300-1800,rev ed. (Free Press, 1965) |
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308 | (6) |
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No: Steven Shapin, from The Scientific Revolution (University of Chicago Press, 1996) |
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314 | (8) |
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Did the West Define the Modern World? |
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322 | (20) |
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Yes: William H. McNeill, from The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community (University of Chicago Press, 1991) |
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324 | (9) |
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No: Steven Feierman, from ``African Histories and the Dissolution of World History,'' in Robert H. Bates, V.Y. Mudimbe, and Jean O'Barr, eds., Africa and the Disciplines: The Contributions of Research in Africa to the Social Sciences and Humanities (University of Chicago Press, 1993) |
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333 | (9) |
| Contributors |
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342 | (4) |
| Index |
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346 | |
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